元代儒者程復心（1258-1341）的《四書章圖纂釋》是一部中國經典詮釋著
作中的獨特作品，全書採用「圖表」的方式輔助說明四書各篇章的要點。本論文
特別選擇圖表數量最大（近四百幅）的《論語》註釋，探討其以「圖表」解經的
特色。首先說明程氏此書旨在彰明朱熹（1130-1200）的《四書章句集注》，不
過，他也廣泛取用《或問》、《語類》乃至宋元諸儒的觀點，而具有「纂疏體」
的經注特點。再者，因其為羽翼朱《注》之作，所以在謀篇構圖上，多取用朱
《注》的概念或關鍵語詞形成架構，呈現出「主題、分類、說明、總結」一基本
圖表形式。第三，在具體的作法上，往往將同一主題或重複語句的篇章類聚於同
一圖表中進行觀點的參照與對比，所以，「對比式概念」的構圖模式為其主要特
色。第四，進一步言之，這種「對比式概念」包含有可相對舉、兩相對反衝突之

概念以及多項並列者三大類，其中又以「知行」概念的運用，最為突出。總括而
言，此一解經方式有其優點與局限性，如精於歸納篇章要旨，但略於闡發個人創
見，但其「圖表」解經的特殊方式，確實是獨樹一格的，也突顯出中國經典詮釋
傳統的豐富多樣性。

Cheng Fu-xin (1258-1341), a Confucian scholar of the Yuan dynasty, authored
Annotations and Diagrammatic Explanation of the Four Books, a unique work
that employs pictorial representations to illustrate the key points of each chapter
in The Four Books. This paper examines this distinctive feature by focusing on
his commentary on The Analects. First, the purpose of this book is to aid in the
interpretation of Zhu Xi’s (1130-1200) Collected Annotations on the Chapters and
Sentences of the Four Books. Therefore, Cheng Fu-xin primarily adopts concepts
or key terms from Zhu Xi’s work to construct the basic framework of his pictorial
representations. Furthermore, in terms of methodology, Cheng Fu-xin often groups
chapters that share the same theme or contain repeated phrases within a single
diagram. As a result, the use of correlative pairs in conceptual structuring is a defi ning
feature of his work. More specifi cally, his diagrams incorporate three major types of
conceptual relationships: juxtaposition of correlated ideas, dialectical contrasts, and
multiple parallel elements. Among these, his application of the knowledge and action
framework is particularly remarkable. This exegetical approach has both strengths
and limitations. While it eff ectively summarizes key ideas, it rarely presents original
insights. Nevertheless, this unique method highlights the richness and diversity of the

Chinese classical tradition.