對「知（良知）」與「識（知識）」之辨析，為王龍溪學術中十分重視的論題，本文嘗試運用資料庫之詞頻數據，比較王龍溪與王陽明乃至其他中晚明儒者對於此一論題之關注程度與探討方向之異同。相較於王龍溪看重「知識」之辨析，《明儒學案》大量出現的詞語則是「知覺」，而王陽明則只集中於「良知」這一核心概念的申發。若考察其中意旨，則陽明與龍溪論「知識」、「知覺」的重點較相近似，其他諸儒運用「知識」、「知覺」二詞語時，其關切的議題及探討之偏重與之實有差異，卻往往以自身之所重，誤解龍溪之立論宗旨，故筆者試加釐清，以彰明龍溪之確旨及其價值。並借此作一拋磚引玉，未來當可持續藉由資料庫詞頻統計數據之觀察比對，開拓宋明理學中更多值得探究之論題。

The evaluation and distinction between liangzhi (conscience) and zhishi (knowledge) is an important topic in Wang Long-Xi’s philosophy. This research seeks to use word frequency analysis to compare how Long-Xi, Wang Yang-Ming, and other late-Ming Confucianists discuss this issue diff erently in terms of the extent of
their focus on it and directions of their thoughts. Compared to Long-Xi, who focuses on the evaluation of liangzhi (conscience) and zhishi (knowledge), Ming Confucian Case Studies uses the word zhijue (cognition) abundantly, while Yang-Ming mostly discusses liangzhi (conscience) as the core value. While Long-Xi and Yang-Ming use the words zhishi (knowledge) and zhijue (cognition) in a similar approach, in
fact, other Confucianists focus on different issues when they use these words and tend to misinterpret Long-Xi’s arguments due to the difference in their choices of focus. Therefore, this essay attempts to clarify these misunderstandings to elucidate Long-Xi’s ideas and their values. Lastly, this work seeks to inspire future research to explore more topics in Neo-Confucianism of the Sung-Ming Period by comparing the frequency of certain keywords used in the works of diff erent scholars.