在莊子與阮籍的現存著作中，「自然」一詞分別出現八次與二十三次。本文從語義類析的角度，展開全面的分析考察後，發現若撇除某些屬於理所當然、自是我見與和諧融暢之氣氛等意義的「自然」，表示自己如此、原初本然意義的「自然」，不但數量最多，同時也佔據雙方之思想體系的核心地位。然而，需注意的是，在阮籍，具有原初本然義的「自然」，主要是從渾淪一氣之和諧化運而言，阮籍以此言世界與人性的本然，也以此言大人先生的長生與自由，然而，由於缺乏工夫實踐與心性轉化的基礎，遂使此一「自然」僅成為浪漫心靈的企盼嚮往，未能有真正契入的可能。而《莊子》則有較為明確的實踐步驟與心性轉化的說明，使原初本然的「自然」，既有價值本體的向度，同時也有工夫證成的可能。

In Zhuangzi and Ruan Ji’s collected works, the word “Ziren” appeared eight times and twenty-three times respectively. From the perspective of semantic analysis, this paper starts there are at least four meanings of “Ziren” which refers to “spontaneously” is the most important. However, it should be noted that In the works of Ruan Ji, “Ziren” mainly refers to the change of “qi”. Because of “qi”, there is the original look of the world and human nature. Because of “qi” there is also a people who is immortal and free. However, due to lack self-cultivation and consciousness transformation, it is only an illusion, but it fails to come true. Relatively speaking, because Zhuangzi has self-cultivation and consciousness transformation, this makes “Ziren” both the orientation of the value ontology and the possibility of realization.